ABSTRACT
SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh zoonotic pathogenic novel member of the human coronaviruses and the third coronavirus to cause a large-scale epidemic in the twenty-first century, highly contagious, spreading quickly around the world and affecting all individuals, especially the elderly, those with diverse genetic and immunological backgrounds, also those with multiple underlying disorders and varied demographics like sex and environmental conditions. This work introduces the virology of the novel virus, reveals its possible origin and describes how it spreads via the diverse routes of infection, showing the biological characteristics related to its risk of causing a pandemic, and the kind of diagnostic tools used to identify it. The virus pandemic rapidly progressed worldwide and is still ongoing;the numbers of affected and those deceased are increasing, with devastating societal, economic and political impacts.
ABSTRACT
A novel coronavirus strain has been testing the capabilities of our modern world and suffocating health care systems, while bringing together scientist's researches and governmental powers, to fight off its robust viral disease. A new zoonotic pathogenic member of the human coronaviruses, that was first documented in Wuhan, China, has crossed the species barrier to infect humans and caused an outbreak of viral pneumonia. In this brief review, we'll discuss the virology of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, covering the general structure of the virus, its genetics and its process of replication. SARS-CoV-2 gets into the cell through the recognition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors by the spike glycoprotein, with the aid of the priming protein transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), which is important for its activation, and replicates as a result of a complex process that involves RNA synthesis, proofreading and capping.
ABSTRACT
Several vaccines are found for the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, responsible for the Coronavirus Disease 'COVID-19' but with a no clear, unified and effective treatment plan, nor definitive therapies for it, but only a variety of potential approaches. The objective of this work was to present, an overview of a variety of therapeutic and preventive approaches that have been applied instead, in a matter to calm the fatal viral pneumonia and developing safe, effective, anti-coronavirus therapeutic agents from naturally derived compounds would make a hopeful solution to end this pandemic. A number of experimental therapies have been rushed into clinical trials for COVID-19 patients, and with medical journals publishing new COVID-19 research studies at breakneck speed, it can be difficult to keep up with the latest news and guidelines. Potential anti-coronavirus therapies can be divided into two categories depending on the target, one acting on the human immune system or human cells, and another, on the virus itself.